Ikinyamakuru Novaya Gazeta cyo mu Burusiya gifunze imiryango kubera igitutu cy'ubutegetsi

Mu myaka 30 ishize, Novaya Gazeta cyabaye kimwe mu bitangazamakuru byigenga bizwi cyane mu Burusiya.

Kuri ubu, icyo kinyamakuru kigomba gufunga imiryango, aho gishinja abategetsi b'Uburusiya kugira uruhare mu "kucyica".

Mu itangazo ryashyizwe ku rubuga rwa Novaya Gazeta, handitse hati: "Baratwishe."

Iryo tangazo rikomeza rigira riti: "Iki kinyamakuru ntikigihari. Abategetsi b'Uburusiya hamwe n'inzego z'umutekano z'Uburusiya bahatiye ikinyamakuru guhagarika ibikorwa byacyo."

Novaya Gazeta cyategetswe kuva mu nyubako cyakoragamo. Ikindi cy'ingenzi ni uko uburyo cyakiragamo inkunga yatangwaga n'abasomyi bacyo na bwo bwahagaritswe.

Ibyo bisize ikinyamakuru kidafite uburyo bwo gukomeza kubona amafaranga yo gukora.

Novaya Gazeta cyari kizwiho gukora inkuru zicukumbuye kandi zitinyutse ku bibazo birimo ruswa, ihohoterwa ry'uburenganzira bwa muntu n'ikoreshwa nabi ry'ububasha n'abayobozi ba leta.

Izo ni zimwe mu ngingo ziboneka nk'izikomeye kandi ziteje impaka mu Burusiya.

Iki kinyamakuru kivuga ko mu gihe cy'imikorere yacyo, abanyamakuru batandatu bafitanye isano na cyo bishwe bazira "gusohoza inshingano zabo z'umwuga n'izo gukunda igihugu."

Mu itangazo ryatangaje ifungwa ryacyo, Novaya Gazeta cyashinje byeruye abategetsi b'Uburusiya, kivuga ko cyabaye igitambo cy'igikorwa "cyateguwe kandi gihuriweho", gishyira mu majwi "inzego za leta z'igitugu."

Bunzemo bati: "Uburenganzira bwa muntu n'ubwisanzure byakuweho muri iki gihugu, kandi kubirengera byahinduwe icyaha."

"Inkiko zasenywe kimwe n'amategeko. Kugira ibitekerezo byawe bwite ubu byafashwe nk'ubuhemu ku gihugu."

Kuva Uburusiya bwatangira intambara yeruye muri Ukraine muri Gashyantare (2) 2022, igitutu ku itangazamakuru ryigenga n'abanyamakuru bigenga kimaze kwiyongera.

Hashize igihe gito Perezida w'Uburusiya n'ubutegetsi bwe batangiye icyo bise "igikorwa cya gisirikare cyihariye", hashyizweho amategeko mashya agamije guhana abatavuga rumwe n'ubutegetsi no gucecekesha abanenga intambara cyangwa abayobozi b'igihugu.

Abategetsi bari baramaze kwambura ikinyamakuru Novaya Gazeta uburenganzira bwo gukora no gufunga urubuga rwacyo rwa internet, bigitera igihombo gikomeye.

Abanyamakuru benshi n'abafatanyabikorwa bacyo bashyizwe ku rutonde rwiswe urw'"abakozi b'ibihugu by'amahanga", ijambo ubutegetsi bw'Uburusiya bukunda gukoresha buhana abanenga ibikorwa byabwo.

Mu ntangiriro z'uyu mwaka, abapolisi basatse ibiro bya Novaya Gazeta. Umunyamakuru umaze igihe akora inkuru z'ubucukumbuzi, Oleg Roldugin, yarafashwe ashinjwa "kwinjira mu makuru abitswe muri mudasobwa mu buryo bunyuranyije n'amategeko". Kubera uru rubanza, umwanditsi mukuru w'iki kinyamakuru, Sergei Sokolov, na we aherutse guhamagazwa na polisi kugira ngo abazwe ibibazo, ndetse inzu ye irasakwa.

Nubwo igitutu cyakomeje kwiyongera, Novaya Gazeta yakomeje gukora, nubwo ibikorwa byayo byari byaragabanutse cyane. Abasomyi bayo bakoreshaga uburyo bwa VPN kugira ngo babashe kugera ku rubuga rw'iki kinyamakuru nubwo rwari rwarafunzwe n'ubutegetsi. Ariko kwamburwa uruhushya rwo gukora no gushyirirwaho izindi mbogamizi byagiteye igihombo gikomeye.

Umwe mu bashinze Novaya Gazeta mu myaka ya 1990, kandi wamaze imyaka myinshi ari umwanditsi mukuru wacyo, ni umunyamakuru Dmitry Muratov.

Mu 2021, Muratov yahawe igihembo cy'amahoro cyitiriwe Nobel kubera uruhare rwe "mu kurengera ubwisanzure bwo gutanga ibitekerezo, bukaba ari inkingi ya demokarasi n'amahoro arambye."

Icyakora, icyo gihembo nticyabujije abategetsi b'Uburusiya kumushyira ku rutonde rw'"abakozi b'ibihugu by'amahanga" mu 2023.

Ku biro bya Novaya Gazeta, bamaze gutangura kwegeranya ibikoresho vyabo.

Iherezo ry'iki kinyamakuru ni ikintu gikomeye mu mateka y'itangazamakuru ry'Uburusiya.