Burundi: Kubera iki urugero rw'amashure ayoberwa muri 'Exetat' rugenda rwiyongera?
Mu Burundi, mu mashuri agera ku bice 37 kw'ijana (37%) mu yakoze, uwu mwaka, ikibazo ca reta kirangiza amashure yisumbuye kigatanga n'uburenganzira bwo kuja muri kaminuza (examen d'Etat), nta munyeshure n'umwe yashoboye kumenya.
Abanyeshure bayobewe mu gihugu cose barenga ibihumbi umunani, mu barenga ibihumbi 50 bakoze ico kibazo.
Gitega na Burunga ni zo ntara ziza kw'isonga mu kugira amashure ata mwana n'umwe yamenye.
Bigaragaza iki ku burezi mu Burundi?
Ivyo biharuro vyateye amakenga abatari bake. Umwitwarariko wigaragariza mu binyamakuru, mbere no ku mbuga ngurukanabumenyi na nyagiro.
Bimwe mu bibazo biguma bigaruka, birondera gutahura ingene vyagenze ngo ibintu bishike kuri urwo rugero, n'ico bisobanura ku gisata c'inyigisho mu Burundi.
Emmanuel Mashandari, umunyamabanga mukuru w'ihuriro ry'ama syndicat CSB, yabwiye BBC Gahuzamiryango ko habaye ibintu vy'"ukunanirwa bidasanzwe tutari tumenyereye". Ni mu gihe mu mashure agera ku 440, ata mwana n'umwe yashikanye 50 kw'ijana.
Yamara, ubushikiranganji bw'indero bwo busa n'ubuhumuriza, aho buvuga ko ari ibisanzwe. Busigura ko ico kibazo gishingiye ku guhiganwa. Busa n'ubwibutsa ko abantu bakwiye no kuraba ku rundi ruhande, bukerekana ko hari n'amashure arenga 70 aho abanyeshuri batoye ico kibazo ku rugero rw'ijana kw'ijana (100%).
Bushimangira mbere ko hari n'amashure 681 yamenyesheje abana ku rugero rwa 99 kw'ijana (99 %).
Izo nsiguro z'ubushikiranganji ntizinyura Emmanuel Mashandari. Abona ko uwu mwaka vyabaye ibintu "biteye ubwoba". Ati: "Bica vyerekana y'uko indero iriko irata akanovera bimwe bidasanzwe".
Biterwa n'iki?
Zimwe mu mvo Emmanuel Mashandari avuga ko zituma abanyeshure baronka amanota make, zijanye n'ibitigiri vy'umurengera mu mashure. Ku bwiwe, bituma umwigisha adaheza ngo akurikirane neza abana, abone – iyo ariko arigisha – abashoboye gutahura icigwa.
Hari n'ingorane y'ururimi ahanini rukoreshwa mu kwigisha: Igifaransa. Avuga ko urugero rw'urwo rurimi rwakorotse cane gose mu bana, mbere no mu bigisha bamwe bamwe.
Ati: "Mu gihe umwana ururimi yigamwo atarwumva, ni ukuvuga ko n'ivyigwa aba ariko ariga adashobora kubitahura".
Abandanya agira ati: "N'abigisha bamwe bamwe usanga batarwumva ku rugezo bategerezwa kuba barukoreshako mu kwigisha".
Mu 2013, ni ho Uburundi bwatangura gushira mu ngiro umugambi mushasha w'inyigisho w'ishure shingiro. Imwe mu ntumbero nyamukuru, kwari ugushiraho uburyo bw'inyigisho buhoraho, bushingiye ku gutanga ubumenyi bushobora gufasha abana b'igihugu benshi bashoboka mu buzima bwabo bwa misi yose.
Ariko bisa nk'aho uwo mugambi utari wafatiwe umwanya uhagije. Hambavu y'ibirasi bike, abigisha ntibari bakwiye kandi ntibari bateguwe ku rugero rukwiye. Ibikoresho na vyo nyene ntivyari bikwiye. Ibitigiri vy'abanyeshure vyagumye ari umurengera mu mashure.
Kuri izo ngorane, hiyongereyeko ukworosha "mu buryo burengeje" amategeko ajanye n'ingene abana bunguruzwa mu mpera z'umwaka, nk'uko Emmanuel Mashandari abivuga.
Ati: "Iyo umuntu yagiye [yungurujwe] adafise ubumenyi buhagije, uko umwaka uhera ni ko bigenda birakoroka, ukazosanga haciye nk'imyaka itatu canke ine ubumenyi bwarakorotse cane gose".
Uwo munyamabanga mukuru wa CSB avuga ko n'uburyo abigisha babazamwo abanyeshure bufise uruhara mw'igabanuka ry'ubumenyi. Abona ko henshi ubu bamenyereje abana ivya 'Ego' canke 'Oya' (Vrai ou Faux). Ku bwiwe, bituma iyo haje umwigisha ababaza ibibazo bisaba y'uko bisigura baca baronka amanota adashemeye.
Ikibazo c'abakukuruka
Ku bwa Emmanuel Mashandari, umurindi munini wo kurungika abigisha ba kera mu karuhuko k'izabukuru, na wo nyene urabifisemwo uruhara.
Ati: "Ako karuhuko k'izabukuru gaca gatwara barya bari bafise uburambe mu kwigisha, bari bafise n'ubumenyi".
Abona ko icihutirwa kwoba gushiraho intumbero y'ingene ururimi rw'igifaransa rwosubirwamwo rugahabwa umwanya ukwiye, hama n'abigisha bakaronka umwanya wo gukarihirizwa ubwenge.
Asaba kandi ko abafise uburambe bagifise n'inguvu zo gukora boba baragumizwa mu kazi, aho kubarungika mu karuhuko k'izabukuru, gurtyo bakaba barasahiriza imbere y'uko bashasha bagira uburambe.
